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- Title
Genetic Mechanisms of Cognitive Development.
- Authors
Mustafin, R. N.; Kazantseva, A. V.; Malykh, S. B.; Khusnutdinova, E. K.
- Abstract
The results of large-scale meta-analyses of GWAS and genetic association studies demonstrated the role of allelic variants of a large number of genes in the development of cognitive abilities. Many of the identified genes are expressed in the brain and are involved in the pathogenesis of nervous system diseases. It has been shown that the summarized genetic effect for various cognitive abilities is no more than 50%. For certain genes, such as BDNF, DRD2, FNBP1L, PDE1C, PDE4B, and PDE4D, related to the regulation of neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity, associations with specific cognitive abilities were revealed. We assume the prospect of using the obtained results for the targeted effect in order to improve human cognitive abilities. This review describes DNA methylation, histone acetylation, expression of specific noncoding RNAs during brain functioning, and the development of individual differences in cognitive abilities. The revealed epigenetic mechanisms suggest the methods of reversible correction of cognitive functioning both in nonclinical forms and pathological states.
- Subjects
COGNITIVE development; NEUROLOGICAL disorders; EPIGENOMICS; COGNITIVE ability; HISTONE acetylation; NON-coding RNA; DEVELOPMENTAL neurobiology
- Publication
Russian Journal of Genetics, 2020, Vol 56, Issue 8, p891
- ISSN
1022-7954
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1134/S102279542007011X