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- Title
Expression of FOXA1 Is Associated with the Tumor-Infiltrating M2 Macrophage, Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte, and Effect of Chemotherapy in Bladder Cancer.
- Authors
Wang, Yiduo; Qu, Huan; Xu, Bin; Wu, Jianping; Lu, Kai; Liu, Chunhui; Chen, Shuqiu; Chen, Ming
- Abstract
Purpose: Cisplatin-containing combination chemotherapy has been the standard of care since the late 1980s, but the response rate is <50%. Studies have shown that the efficiency of chemotherapy differs among molecular subtypes of bladder cancer. In this study, we aimed to correlate FOXA1, a marker for differentiation of the basal and luminal subtypes, with tumor immune cell infiltration and the effect of chemotherapy in bladder cancer. Materials and Methods: Eighty-three patients with bladder cancer treated with chemotherapy were reviewed. Clinicopathological variables for each case were recorded. FOXA1, M2 tumor-associated macrophage (TAM), dendritic cell (DC), and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) were examined by immunohistochemistry. The relationship between FOXA1, immune cell infiltration, and clinical response to chemotherapy was assessed. Results: The overall objective response rate was 34%. The objective response rate for tumors with lower FOXA1 expression was 58% and for tumors with higher FOXA1 expression was 12%. Tumors with infiltrated M2 TAM proportion <3% had a higher objective response rate compared with infiltrated M2 TAM proportion >3% tumors (46% vs. 21%, p = 0.02). Tumors with infiltrated CTL proportion >5% had a higher objective response rate compared with infiltrated CTL proportion <5% tumors (50% vs. 17%, p = 0.002). DCs showed no significant differences. We found that the objective response rate for tumors with lower FOXA1 expression, proportion <3% M2 TAM infiltration, and proportion >5% CTL infiltration is 82%. Lower FOXA1 expression was associated with low M2 TAM infiltration and high CTL infiltration. Conclusions: Thus, we showed that in patients with bladder cancer who received chemotherapy, the higher clinical response rate is associated with low FOXA1 expression, low M2 TAM infiltration, and high CTL infiltration.
- Subjects
BLADDER cancer; CYTOTOXIC T cells; CANCER chemotherapy; MACROPHAGES; COMBINATION drug therapy; DENDRITIC cells
- Publication
Urologia Internationalis, 2023, Vol 107, Issue 1, p58
- ISSN
0042-1138
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1159/000519129