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- Title
An Insight to the Degradation Behaviour of the Parallel Connected Lithium-Ion Battery Cells.
- Authors
Al-Amin, Mohammad; Barai, Anup; Ashwin, T.R.; Marco, James
- Abstract
In an electric vehicle, a large number of lithium-ion cells are connected in parallel. While cells in parallel increase the reliability of the battery pack, it increases the probability of current imbalance between the parallel branches, thus ageing gradient. The current peak in a cell also can exceed the maximum charge current capability of the cell; leading to lithium plating, therefore a safety issue. The temperature gradient within a battery pack amplifies this issue. This work reports the impact of such temperature gradient on current imbalance within parallel connected cells, their long-term impact on degradation and evaluation of current distribution with degradation. Employing a real-world relevant experimental setup, a total of 1400 cycles were performed on a module with four cells in parallel. A temperature gradient of 10 °C was introduced among the cells, and current in individual parallel branches was measured employing Hall-effect sensors. Over the course of the experiment, module capacity decreased by 23.6%. Cells at higher temperature/lower exposure to active cooling experienced higher degradation. However, the cell with the lowest starting capacity, although exposed to nominal module temperature and cooling experienced the highest current amplitude towards the end of discharge/charge and thus the highest resistance degradation. It was found that current in an individual parallel branch was exceeding the maximum rated charge/discharge current by 53%.
- Subjects
LITHIUM cells; CURRENT distribution; DETERIORATION of materials; HIGH temperatures; LITHIUM-ion batteries; ELECTRIC vehicle batteries; HALL effect transducers
- Publication
Energies (19961073), 2021, Vol 14, Issue 16, p4716
- ISSN
1996-1073
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/en14164716