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- Title
Administering analgesia sublingually is a suitable option for children with acute abdominal pain in the emergency department.
- Authors
Cozzi, Giorgio; Zanchi, Chiara; Chiaretti, Antonio; Tipo, Vincenzo; Cernich, Marta; D'Anna, Carolina; Fantacci, Claudia; Conversano, Ester; Zanon, Davide; Ronfani, Luca; Barbi, Egidio
- Abstract
<bold>Aim: </bold>Acute abdominal pain is a frequent complaint in children attending emergency departments. The aim of this study was to investigate the pain score reductions when children with acute abdominal pain received medication sublingually.<bold>Methods: </bold>We carried out a multicentre randomised controlled trial in three children's hospitals in Italy between March 2015 and June 2017. Children from four to 18 years of age with acute abdominal pain were recruited if their self-reported pain was at least six on a scale from 0-10. The children were randomised to receive ketorolac 0.5 mg/kg (n = 70) or tramadol 2 mg/kg (n = 70) sublingually or a melt in the mouth powder of 20 mg/kg paracetamol (n = 70). The main study outcome was the pain scores for the three drugs after two hours.<bold>Results: </bold>The 210 children (58.6% girls) had a median age of 12 years with an interquartile range of 9-14.3. The median pain scores at two hours were not significantly different between ketorolac 2.0 (interquartile ranges, IQR 0.0-4.3) and tramadol 3.0 (IQR 1.0-5.0) vs paracetamol 3.0 (IQR 0.8-5.0). The median pain reductions were all 5.0 points.<bold>Conclusion: </bold>Delivering analgesia sublingually was a suitable option for pain relief in children with acute abdominal pain in the emergency department.
- Subjects
ITALY; ABDOMINAL pain in children; ANALGESIA; ABDOMINAL pain; EMERGENCY medical services; PEDIATRIC gastroenterology; DIAGNOSIS of abdominal pain; ACETAMINOPHEN; CHILDREN'S hospitals; COMPARATIVE studies; HOSPITAL emergency services; RESEARCH methodology; MEDICAL cooperation; NONPARAMETRIC statistics; NONSTEROIDAL anti-inflammatory agents; RESEARCH; KETOROLAC; LOGISTIC regression analysis; EVALUATION research; PAIN measurement; RANDOMIZED controlled trials; TREATMENT effectiveness; ACUTE diseases; TRAMADOL; NONOPIOID analgesics; SUBLINGUAL drug administration
- Publication
Acta Paediatrica, 2019, Vol 108, Issue 1, p143
- ISSN
0803-5253
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1111/apa.14514