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- Title
Anti-inflammatory effect of ethanolic extract from Myagropsis myagroides on murine macrophages and mouse ear edema.
- Authors
Joung, Eun-Ji; Lee, Min-Sup; Choi, Ji-Woong; Kim, Jong-Soon; Shin, Taisun; Jung, Bok-Mi; Yoon, Na Young; Lim, Chi-Won; Kim, Jae-Il; Kim, Hyeung-Rak
- Abstract
Background: This study aims to investigate anti-inflammatory effect of ethanolic extract of Myagropsis myagroides (EMM) in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced ear edema in mice, and to clarify its underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods: The levels of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured by Griess assay and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and Akt were measured using Western blotting. Nuclear translocation and transcriptional activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) were determined by immunocytochemistry and reporter gene assay, respectively. PMA-induced mouse ear edema was used as the animal model of inflammation. Anti-inflammatory compounds in EMM were isolated using high-performance liquid chromatography and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance. Results: EMM significantly inhibited the production of NO, PGE2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines in a dose-dependent manner and suppressed the expression of iNOS and COX-2 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. EMM strongly suppressed nuclear translocation of NF-κB by preventing degradation of inhibitor of κB-α as well as by inhibiting phosphorylation of Akt and MAPKs. EMM reduced ear edema in PMA-induced mice. One of the anti-inflammatory compounds in EMM was identified as 6,6’-bieckol. Conclusions: These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory properties of EMM are associated with the down-regulation of iNOS, COX-2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines through the inhibition of NF-κB pathway in LPS-stimulated macrophages.
- Subjects
ANIMAL experimentation; ANTI-inflammatory agents; BIOLOGICAL assay; CELL culture; EAR; EDEMA; FLUORESCENT antibody technique; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; INTERLEUKINS; MACROPHAGES; MICE; MOLECULAR structure; OXIDOREDUCTASES; POLYMERASE chain reaction; RESEARCH funding; TUMOR necrosis factors; WESTERN immunoblotting; PLANT extracts; REVERSE transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; DATA analysis software; DESCRIPTIVE statistics
- Publication
BMC Complementary & Alternative Medicine, 2012, Vol 12, Issue 1, p171
- ISSN
1472-6882
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/1472-6882-12-171