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- Title
Docking analysis of hexanoic acid and quercetin with seven domains of polyketide synthase A provided insight into quercetin-mediated aflatoxin biosynthesis inhibition in Aspergillus flavus.
- Authors
Tiwari, Shraddha; Shishodia, Sonia K.; Shankar, Jata
- Abstract
Studies on phytochemicals as anti-aflatoxigenic agents have gained importance including quercetin. Thus, to understand the molecular mechanism behind inhibition of aflatoxin biosynthesis by quercetin, interaction study with polyketide synthase A (PksA) of Aspergillus flavus was undertaken. The 3D structure of seven domains of PksA was modeled using SWISS-MODEL server and docking studies were performed by Autodock tools-1.5.6. Docking energies of both the ligands (quercetin and hexanoic acid) were compared with each of the domains of PksA enzyme. Binding energy for quercetin was lesser that ranged from − 7.1 to − 5.25 kcal/mol in comparison to hexanoic acid (− 4.74 to − 3.54 kcal/mol). LigPlot analysis showed the formation of 12 H bonds in case of quercetin and 8 H bonds in hexanoic acid. During an interaction with acyltransferase domain, both ligands showed H bond formation at Arg63 position. Also, in product template domain, quercetin creates four H bonds in comparison to one in hexanoic acid. Our quantitative RT-PCR analysis of genes from aflatoxin biosynthesis showed downregulation of pksA, aflD, aflR, aflP and aflS at 24 h time point in comparison to 7 h in quercetin-treated A. flavus. Overall results revealed that quercetin exhibited the highest level of binding potential (more number of H bonds) with PksA domain in comparison to hexanoic acid; thus, quercetin possibly inhibits via competitively binding to the domains of polyketide synthase, a key enzyme of aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway. Further, we propose that key enzymes from aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway in aflatoxin-producing Aspergilli could be explored further using other phytochemicals as inhibitors.
- Subjects
AFLATOXINS; POLYKETIDE synthases; ASPERGILLUS flavus; QUERCETIN; ACID analysis; BIOSYNTHESIS; BINDING energy
- Publication
3 Biotech, 2019, Vol 9, Issue 4, p1
- ISSN
2190-572X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s13205-019-1675-y