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- Title
CE Marking, Business, and European Market Integration.
- Authors
Ballor, Grace
- Abstract
Many products—from consumer electronics to children's toys—bear the CE mark, the symbol of conformity to the "essential requirements" of European standards. This article traces the development of CE marking from its origins in the European Community's (EC) efforts to relaunch the Single European Market in the mid-1980s to its full implementation in the mid-1990s across the European Economic Area (EEA). It focuses in particular on the reforms made to the "New Approach to Technical Harmonization" and the "Global Approach to Testing and Certification" and examines the ways business groups responded to the creation of common systems for assessing conformité européenne. This history offers an expansive view of regional market integration and a new perspective on the dynamic between companies and regulators in the European business environment.
- Subjects
EUROPEAN Economic Area; EUROPEAN integration; EUROPEAN Union; EUROPEAN Community; CHILD consumers; INTERNATIONAL economic integration; EUROPEAN communities; MARKS of origin
- Publication
Business History Review, 2022, Vol 96, Issue 1, p77
- ISSN
0007-6805
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1017/S0007680521000696