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- Title
Tetraacylgermanes as highly efficient photoinitiators for visible light cured dimethacrylate resins and dental composites.
- Authors
Moszner, Norbert; Fischer, Urs Karl; Lamparth, Iris; Fässler, Pascal; Radebner, Judith; Eibel, Anna; Haas, Michael; Gescheidt, Georg; Stueger, Harald
- Abstract
ABSTRACT: Tetrabenzoylgermane <bold>1</bold> and various substituted tetrabenzoylgermanes <bold>2</bold>–<bold>7</bold> were investigated as visible light (VL) photoinitiators (PIs) for dental dimethacrylate resins and dimethacrylate‐based composites. The tetrabenzoylgermanes <bold>1</bold>–<bold>7</bold> show a very strong VL absorption between 400 and 450 nm. Substituents on the benzoyl chromophore strongly influence their properties such as melting point, solubility, absorption behavior, or PI reactivity. A good photobleaching behavior and a very high reactivity as VL PI was found in photo‐differential scanning calorimeter experiments for selected tetrabenzoylgermanes. Composite pastes containing only ∼0.1 wt % of Ge‐PI exhibited a sufficient photocuring due to the high PI‐reactivity of the tetraacylgermanes. Among the investigated germane PIs, tetrakis(2‐methylbenzoyl)germane <bold>2</bold> shows the best performance as VL PI for restorative composites and enables the composites to be photocured using an LED with an emission maximum of 500 nm. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. <bold>2018</bold>, <italic>135</italic>, 46115.
- Subjects
LUCITE; FIBROUS composites in dentistry; VISIBLE spectra; CALORIMETERS; LIGHT emitting diodes; PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION
- Publication
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2018, Vol 135, Issue 15, p1
- ISSN
0021-8995
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/app.46115