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- Title
Unusual selection on the KIR3DL1/S1 natural killer cell receptor in Africans.
- Authors
Norman, Paul J.; Abi-Rached, Laurent; Gendzekhadze, Ketevan; Korbel, Daniel; Gleimer, Michael; Rowley, Don; Bruno, Dan; Carrington, Christine V. F.; Chandanayingyong, Dasdayanee; Yih-Hsin Chang; Crespí, Catalina; Saruhan-Direskeneli, Güher; Fraser, Patricia A.; Hameed, Kamran; Kamkamidze, Giorgi; Koram, Kwadwo A; Layrisse, Zulay; Matamoros, Nuria; Milà, Joan; Park, Myoung Hee
- Abstract
Interactions of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I ligands diversify natural killer cell responses to infection. By analyzing sequence variation in diverse human populations, we show that the KIR3DL1/S1 locus encodes two lineages of polymorphic inhibitory KIR3DL1 allotypes that recognize Bw4 epitopes of protein">HLA-A and HLA-B and one lineage of conserved activating KIR3DS1 allotypes, also implicated in Bw4 recognition. Balancing selection has maintained these three lineages for over 3 million years. Variation was selected at D1 and D2 domain residues that contact HLA class I and at two sites on D0, the domain that enhances the binding of KIR3D to HLA class I. HLA-B variants that gained Bw4 through interallelic microconversion are also products of selection. A worldwide comparison uncovers unusual KIR3DL1/S1 evolution in modern sub-Saharan Africans. Balancing selection is weak and confined to D0, KIR3DS1 is rare and KIR3DL1 allotypes with similar binding sites predominate. Natural killer cells express the dominant KIR3DL1 at a high frequency and with high surface density, providing strong responses to cells perturbed in Bw4 expression.
- Subjects
KILLER cells; CELL receptors; IMMUNOGLOBULIN genes; HLA histocompatibility antigens; AFRICANS; EPITOPES
- Publication
Nature Genetics, 2007, Vol 39, Issue 9, p1092
- ISSN
1061-4036
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/ng2111