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- Title
Prevalence, clinical characteristics, and risk factors of intracerebral haemorrhage in CADASIL: a case series and systematic review.
- Authors
Sukhonpanich, Nontapat; Markus, Hugh S.
- Abstract
Background: Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is the most common monogenic form of stroke and is characterised by early onset stroke and dementia. Most strokes are lacunar ischaemic strokes, but intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) has also been reported, although there are limited published data on its frequency and characteristics. Methods: A retrospective review of a prospectively recruited CADASIL register from the British National Referral clinic was performed to identify acute ICH cases and their characteristics. In addition, a systematic review of ICH in CADASIL was performed. MEDLINE (Pubmed), Embase, and Web of Science were searched for articles published from inception until 31/05/2023. Results: Ten cases of ICH were identified from the National clinic register of 516 symptomatic patients, giving an estimated point prevalence of 1.9%. An additional 119 cases were identified from the systematic review, comprising 129 cases and 142 ICH events in total. Including all identified cases, the mean age at onset of ICH was 56.6 ± 15.7 (SD) years, and 74 (57.4%) were male. ICH was the first manifestation of the disease in 32 patients (38.1%), and ICH recurrence occurred in 16 (12.4%). Most ICHs were subcortical, with the thalamus, 58 (40.8%), and basal ganglia, 34 (23.9%), being the commonest sites. Anticoagulation, but not antiplatelet agents, was associated with an increased risk of ICH (20.0% vs. 1.9%, p = 0.006). Conclusions: ICH is a relatively rare manifestation of CADASIL, occurring in about 2% of symptomatic cases. Most of the haemorrhages occurred in the subcortical regions.
- Subjects
CEREBRAL hemorrhage; CEREBRAL small vessel diseases; LACUNAR stroke; ISCHEMIC stroke; INTRACEREBRAL hematoma; LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHIES
- Publication
Journal of Neurology, 2024, Vol 271, Issue 5, p2423
- ISSN
0340-5354
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00415-023-12177-0