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- Title
NON-MODAL PHONATION ASSOCIATED WITH STØD VOWELS IN LIVONIAN.
- Authors
Balodis, Uldis
- Abstract
Livonian is unique among the Finnic languages in possessing a two-way tonal contrast in primary stressed syllables. Observed already in the earliest linguistic descriptions of Livonian, this two-way contrast between stressed syllables with stød (also called broken tone) and plain tone closely resembles the tonal system of Latvian with which Livonian has been in close long-term contact. This paper describes a pilot study, which used six measurements of spectral tilt (h1-h2, h1-F1, h1-F2, h1+h2/2-F1, h1-F3, F2-F3) to determine whether Livonian stød was associated with any non-modal phonation, specifically creaky voice. Spectral tilt is the degree to which intensity decreases as frequency increases (Gordon and Ladefoged 2001). Earlier researchers (e.g., Vihman 1971) have noted that stød vowels tend to be laryngealised, therefore, creaky voice is a likely candidate for non-modal phonation associated with stød. The method in this study is based on that used by Esposito (2004) in her similar study of Santa Ana del Valle Zapotec. The study used data from archival recordings of Pētõr Damberg, a speaker of the East Dialect of Courland Livonian from the village of Sīkrõg, and focused on measurement of CVV syllables containing either [ǭ] or [ō] (IPA: [o̞ː] and [oː]).
- Subjects
LIVONIAN language; FINNIC languages; SYLLABLE (Grammar); SEXADECIMAL system; LANGUAGE research
- Publication
Journal of Estonian & Finno-Ugric Linguistics / Eesti ja Soome-ugri Keeleteaduse Ajakiri, 2018, Vol 9, Issue 2, p165
- ISSN
1736-8987
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.12697/jeful.2018.9.2.08