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- Title
Effect of different doses of organic fertilizer (cow dung) on pond productivity and fish biomass in stillwater ponds.
- Authors
Garg, S. K.; Bhatnagar, Anita
- Abstract
The effects of five (5 000, 10 000, 15 000, 20 000, 24 000 kg ha-1 year-1) different doses of organic fertilizer (cow dung) were studied on pond productivity in terms of plankton production and fish biomass in freshwater fish ponds. The grow out period was 60 days. Physico-chemical factors of pond waters were also monitored. With an increase in the fertilizer dose, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (1.7 ± 0.1 – 10.35 ± 0.05 mg L-1), O-PO4 (0.04 ± 0.0 – 0.77 ± 0.02 mg L-1) and NH4-N (0.03 ± 0.02 – 0.32 ± 0.02 mg L-1) increased significantly (P < 0.05). Alkalinity (79.0 ± 1.6 – 164.0 ± 3.8 mg L-1) also increased with the increase in fertilizer dose, declining after 60 and 75 days (48.8 ± 1.13 – 67.9 ± 2.1 mg L-1). NO3-N was maximum (1.66 ± 0.2 mg L-1) in the ponds which received cow dung at 15 000 kg ha-1 year-1, and declined (0.94 ± 0.5 mg L-1) at higher doses. Dissolved oxygen (DO) remained significantly high (4.7 mg L-1) up to the third (15 000 kg ha-1 year-1) treatment. Highest plankton population (phytoplankton 17 350.0 ± 1 250.0 no L-1), zooplankton (373.0 ± 22.0 no L-1), species diversity (phytoplankton 3.0, zooplankton 2.3), fish biomass (4.45 kg) and specific growth rate (SGR) (2.36 % body weight (BW) d-1) were also observed in ponds which were treated with fertilizer at 15 000 kg ha-1 year-1. However, at higher doses, a decline in these parameters (phytoplankton, 0.0 – 8 810.0 ± 690.0 no L-1; zooplankton, 0.0 – 205.0 ± 25.0 no L-1; fish biomass, 2.3 kg; SGR, 1.25 % body weight (BW) d-1) was observed. Furthermore, with a decrease in the water temperature from...
- Subjects
INDIA; ORGANIC fertilizers; FISH ponds
- Publication
Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 1999, Vol 15, Issue 1, p10
- ISSN
0175-8659
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1046/j.1439-0426.1999.00129.x