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- Title
Risperidone counteracts lethality in an animal model of the serotonin syndrome.
- Authors
Nisijima, Koichi; Yoshino, Tatuki; Ishiguro, Takeo
- Abstract
Abstract Rationale: The serotonin (5-HT) syndrome is the most serious side effect of antidepressants, and pharmacologic treatment should be offered in severe cases. Objective: In the present study, the effects of risperidone, ketanserin, and haloperidol on an animal model of the serotonin (5-HT) syndrome were evaluated. Methods: Intraperitoneal administration of 100 mg/kg 5-hydroxyL-tryptophan (5-HTP) (a precursor of 5-HT) and 2 mg/kg clorgyline (a monoamine oxidase type-A inhibiting antidepressant) induced the 5-HT syndrome in rats. The rectal temperature of the rats was measured, and the microdialysis method was used to measure noradrenaline (NA) levels in the anterior hypothalamus. Results: In the group pre-treated with saline, the NA concentration increased to 13 times the pre-administration level, rectal temperature increased to more than 40 Celsius, and all of the animals died 75 min later. In the group pre-treated with risperidone (0.5 mg/kg), the 5-HT syndrome was completely inhibited, and the NA level increased to 6.5 times the pre-administration level. Ketanserin, a selective 5-HT[sub 2A] antagonist (5 mg/kg) also inhibited the 5-HT syndrome. In contrast, all of the rats in the group pre-treated with haloperidol (0.5 mg/kg) died earlier than in the saline group. Conclusions: These results suggest that strong 5-HT[sub 2A] antagonists such as risperidone, but not dopamine D[sub 2] antagonists, counteract lethality due to 5-HT syndrome, and that not only does enhancement of 5-HT activity occur in the 5-HT syndrome, but NA activity also increases.
- Subjects
SEROTONIN; ANTIDEPRESSANTS; DRUG side effects; NORADRENALINE; RISPERIDONE
- Publication
Psychopharmacology, 2000, Vol 150, Issue 1, p9
- ISSN
0033-3158
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s002130000397