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- Title
The Early Arrival of Muslims in Ancient Gandhāra Study Based on Numismatic Evidence from Kashmir Smast.
- Authors
Khan, M. Nasim
- Abstract
The ancient history of Gandhāra, particularly after the Great Kushan upto the arrival of Islam, has always remained a shrouded part of Gandhāran history and a matter of great dispute. This is due to lack of sufficient archaeological, numismatic or other relevant source materials that could help us in the reconstruction of that particular period of history. But thanks to the mass of information so far retrieved from older and recent archaeological discoveries or other similar sources found in the region, the ancient history of Gandhāra could now be fairly reconstructed. The case for the early arrival of Muslims in the northern region of Pakistan is similar, where the early Muslim conquest can be traced back to the 10th/11th century AD. This is generally based on historical sources and the few fragmentary inscriptions recovered from the different parts of Gandhāra and its surrounding regions. The discovery of some recent but previously unknown Islamic coins in the area, particularly found at the site known as Kashmir Smast, may push the history of the presence of Muslims further back in Gandhāra. The objective of the present paper is, therefore, to supplement these numismatic evidences to the already recorded epigraphical and other records and try to trace the arrival of Muslims in the region of Gandhāra, maybe in the 7th/8th centuries AD.
- Subjects
GANDHARA (Pakistan &; Afghanistan); KUSHANS; HISTORY of Islam; KASHMIR Smast Site (Pakistan); MUSLIMS
- Publication
Gandharan Studies, 2013, Vol 7, p111
- ISSN
1996-9120
- Publication type
Article