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- Title
Optimal Control of Global Warming by Carbon Dioxide Mitigation Through Awareness Programmes.
- Authors
Verma, Ahana; Arora, Maninder Singh; Omar, Ashish; Chauhan, Kirti
- Abstract
Presently, the main reason for global temperature rise is the increased level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. This increase is primarily caused by human activities, leading to carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions that largely contribute to global warming. For better understanding of how rising temperature affects people and for studying the effectiveness of awareness programmes aimed at reducing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, we have proposed a non-linear mathematical model. The proposed model has been extended further for controlling atmospheric CO2 emissions as well as reducing costs associated with the execution of awareness programmes by considering variable implementation rate of such programmes over time. The strategy obtained by utilizing the optimal control theory outclasses both constant heuristic and no control strategies. Further, to illustrate the analytical findings, we have performed numerical simulations. Highlights: The research addresses the critical issue of global warming by focusing on the primary driver - carbon dioxide emissions. We have proposed a non-linear mathematical model to better understand the impact of rising temperatures and evaluate the effectiveness of awareness programmes in reducing CO2 emissions. The model is extended further to incorporate variable implementation rates of awareness programmes over time, aiming to control atmospheric CO2 emissions and reduce associated costs as well. The optimal control theory is devised to derive a cost-optimal strategy of implementing awareness programmes. Application of optimal control theory yields a strategy that outperforms traditional constant heuristic and no control strategies. The study emphasizes the well-planned and dynamic implementation of awareness programmes to spread awareness rapidly, even with low implementation rates. Validation of analytical findings is done through numerical simulations, providing practical insights into the proposed optimal control strategy. The study contributes to environmental research by providing a novel perspective on tackling global warming through targeted awareness programmes. The proposed model and optimal control strategy offer a practical framework for policymakers and environmental practitioners to optimize the impact of mitigation efforts. The study encourages further research in refining and expanding the proposed mathematical model to address additional complexities in the global warming scenario. The research calls for practical applications of the optimal control strategy in real-world scenarios to validate its effectiveness and feasibility. It recommends continual observation and modification of rates of awareness campaigns in response to changing environmental and socioeconomic circumstances.
- Subjects
CARBON dioxide mitigation; ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide; GLOBAL warming; OPTIMAL control theory; CARBON emissions; GREENHOUSE gases; ATMOSPHERE
- Publication
International Journal of Environmental Research, 2024, Vol 18, Issue 4, p1
- ISSN
1735-6865
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s41742-024-00606-5