We found a match
Your institution may have access to this item. Find your institution then sign in to continue.
- Title
Electrical stimulation facilitates NADPH production in pentose phosphate pathway and exerts an anti-inflammatory effect in macrophages.
- Authors
Uemura, Mikiko; Maeshige, Noriaki; Yamaguchi, Atomu; Ma, Xiaoqi; Matsuda, Mami; Nishimura, Yuya; Hasunuma, Tomohisa; Inoue, Taketo; Yan, Jiawei; Wang, Ji; Kondo, Hiroyo; Fujino, Hidemi
- Abstract
Macrophages play an important role as effector cells in innate immune system. Meanwhile, macrophages activated in a pro-inflammatory direction alter intracellular metabolism and damage intact tissues by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS). Electrical stimulation (ES), a predominant physical agent to control metabolism in cells and tissues, has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory effect on immune cells. However, the mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effects by ES is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ES on metabolism in glycolytic-tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) cycle and inflammatory responses in macrophages. ES was performed on bone marrow-derived macrophages and followed by a stimulation with LPS. The inflammatory cytokine expression levels were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and ELISA. ROS production was analyzed by CellRox Green Reagent and metabolites by capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. As a result, ES significantly reduced proinflammatory cytokine expression levels and ROS generation compared to the LPS group and increased glucose-1-phosphate, a metabolite of glycogen. ES also increased intermediate metabolites of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP); ribulose-5-phosphate, rebose-5 phosphate, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a key factor of cellular antioxidation systems, as well as α-Ketoglutarate, an anti-oxidative metabolite in the TCA cycle. Our findings imply that ES enhanced NADPH production with enhancement of PPP, and also decreased oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in macrophages.
- Subjects
PENTOSE phosphate pathway; NICOTINAMIDE adenine dinucleotide phosphate; MACROPHAGES; KILLER cells; ELECTRIC stimulation; METABOLIC regulation; CELL metabolism
- Publication
Scientific Reports, 2023, Vol 13, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
2045-2322
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/s41598-023-44886-x