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- Title
Representativeness-based sampling network design for the State of Alaska.
- Authors
Hoffman, Forrest; Kumar, Jitendra; Mills, Richard; Hargrove, William
- Abstract
Resource and logistical constraints limit the frequency and extent of environmental observations, particularly in the Arctic, necessitating the development of a systematic sampling strategy to maximize coverage and objectively represent environmental variability at desired scales. A quantitative methodology for stratifying sampling domains, informing site selection, and determining the representativeness of measurement sites and networks is described here. Multivariate spatiotemporal clustering was applied to down-scaled general circulation model results and data for the State of Alaska at 4 km resolution to define multiple sets of ecoregions across two decadal time periods. Maps of ecoregions for the present (2000-2009) and future (2090-2099) were produced, showing how combinations of 37 characteristics are distributed and how they may shift in the future. Representative sampling locations are identified on present and future ecoregion maps. A representativeness metric was developed, and representativeness maps for eight candidate sampling locations were produced. This metric was used to characterize the environmental similarity of each site. This analysis provides model-inspired insights into optimal sampling strategies, offers a framework for up-scaling measurements, and provides a down-scaling approach for integration of models and measurements. These techniques can be applied at different spatial and temporal scales to meet the needs of individual measurement campaigns.
- Subjects
ALASKA; CLIMATE change; SPATIO-temporal variation; PRECIPITATION variability; SEASONAL variations in biogeochemical cycles
- Publication
Landscape Ecology, 2013, Vol 28, Issue 8, p1567
- ISSN
0921-2973
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s10980-013-9902-0