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- Title
ARD, ZDF und Deutschlandradio in der digitalen Transformation.
- Authors
Gundlach, Hardy
- Abstract
ARD, ZDF, and Deutschlandradio are undergoing a digital transformation and are creating their own information portals, media and audio libraries, as well as distributing their content through third-party platforms. The discussion about the future focuses on the political shaping of the framework conditions for public and private media companies, as well as their financing and self-regulation. Questions are raised about securing societal relevance, the market relationship with private media, appropriate financing, and support for transformation through broadcasting councils. The article deals with the trend of new intermediation, where about half of online news users find their news through search engines, social media, and news aggregators. It also addresses the individualization of music listening, which questions traditional radio stations like Deutschlandradio. Public radio stations are adapting to this trend and developing personalized and interactive audio libraries, as well as collaborations with third-party platforms like Spotify. It also discusses how public media influence the market and affect competition in digital markets. It argues that public media disrupt the business models of private media and hinder or prevent market opportunities. It also addresses the financing of public media and how this affects users' willingness to pay for digital news. Macro data shows that there is no correlation between the size of public funding and willingness to pay for online news. It also addresses the different media systems in various European countries and how they affect the financing of public media. The article deals with the public financing of public media in Europe. These media are independent of market dynamics and are subject to the primacy of the public mandate. Financing is done through state interventions, either through direct quality requirements or indirect control through the structure of the organization and offerings. Mixed financing systems are compatible with public media, with public financing usually dominating. Financing can be done through taxes, fees, contributions, special levies, and voluntary contributions. Six criteria are used to evaluate financing systems: tax efficiency, distributional fairness, allocation efficiency, regulatory efficiency, entrepreneurial planning security, and independence from the state. The article discusses various options for media policy regarding the financing and self-regulation of public media in Germany. It emphasizes that public media are part of the democratic system and therefore must meet special ethical expectations. The effectiveness of supervisory boards and the role of broadcasting councils are also discussed. It is noted that public media also distribute their content through third-party platforms to reach different user groups. Policymakers have various options for shaping the framework conditions for public and private media companies. The text includes a list of sources and references to various publications and expert opinions on the topic of public broadcasting. No specific information or keywords are mentioned that would allow for a summary.
- Subjects
PUBLIC finance; DIGITAL transformation; MASS media policy; PUBLIC opinion; WILLINGNESS to pay; PUBLIC radio
- Publication
MedienWirtschaft, 2023, Vol 20, Issue 4, p13
- ISSN
1613-0669
- Publication type
Article