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- Title
Intranasal Administration of Maleic Anhydride-Modified Human Serum Albumin for Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection.
- Authors
Zhiwu Sun; Qian Wang; Ran Jia; Shuai Xia; Yuan Li; Qi Liu; Wei Xu; Jin Xu; Lanying Du; Lu Lu; Shibo Jiang
- Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of pediatric viral respiratory tract infections. Neither vaccine nor effective antiviral therapy is available to prevent and treat RSV infection. Palivizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody, is the only product approved to prevent serious RSV infection, but its high cost is prohibitive in low-income countries. Here, we aimed to identify an effective, safe, and affordable antiviral agent for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) of RSV infection in children at high risk. We found that maleic anhydride (ML)-modified human serum albumin (HSA), designated ML-HSA, exhibited potent antiviral activity against RSV and that the percentages of the modified lysines and arginies in ML- are correlated with such anti-RSV activity. ML-HSA inhibited RSV entry and replication by interacting with viral G protein and blocking RSV attachment to the target cells, while ML-HAS neither bound to F protein, nor inhibited F protein-mediated membrane fusion. Intranasal administration of ML-HSA before RSV infection resulted in significant decrease of the viral titers in the lungs of mice. ML-HSA shows promise for further development into an effective, safe, affordable, and easy-to-use intranasal regimen for pre-exposure prophylaxis of RSV infection in children at high risk in both low- and high-income countries.
- Subjects
MALEIC anhydride; RESPIRATORY syncytial virus; PARAMYXOVIRUSES; MORBILLIVIRUSES; INTRANASAL medication
- Publication
Viruses (1999-4915), 2015, Vol 7, Issue 2, p798
- ISSN
1999-4915
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/v7020798