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- Title
Evolution of Spin Period and Magnetic Field of the Crab Pulsar: Decay of the Braking Index by the Particle Wind Flow Torque.
- Authors
Zhang, Cheng-Min; Cui, Xiang-Han; Li, Di; Wang, De-Hua; Wang, Shuang-Qiang; Wang, Na; Zhang, Jian-Wei; Peng, Bo; Zhu, Wei-Wei; Yang, Yi-Yan; Pan, Yuan-Yue
- Abstract
The evolutions of a neutron star's rotation and magnetic field (B-field) have remained unsolved puzzles for over half a century. We ascribe the rotational braking torques of pulsar to both components, the standard magnetic dipole radiation (MDR) and particle wind flow (MDR + Wind, hereafter named MDRW), which we apply to the Crab pulsar (B0531 + 21), the only source with a known age and long-term continuous monitoring by radio telescope. Based on the above presumed simple spin-down torques, we obtain the exact analytic solution on the rotation evolution of the Crab pulsar, together with the related outcomes as described below: (1) unlike the constant characteristic B-field suggested by the MDR model, this value for the Crab pulsar increases by a hundred times in 50 kyr while its real B-field has no change; (2) the rotational braking index evolves from ∼3 to 1 in the long-term, however, it drops from 2.51 to 2.50 in ∼45 years at the present stage, while the particle flow contributes approximately 25% of the total rotational energy loss rate; (3) strikingly, the characteristic age has the maximum limit of ∼10 kyr, meaning that it is not always a good indicator of a real age. Furthermore, we discussed the evolutionary path of the Crab pulsar from the MDR to the wind domination by comparing with the possible wind braking candidate pulsar PSR J1734-3333.
- Subjects
GRANULAR flow; PULSARS; MAGNETIC fields; STELLAR rotation; NEUTRON stars; ROTATIONAL motion
- Publication
Universe (2218-1997), 2022, Vol 8, Issue 12, p628
- ISSN
2218-1997
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/universe8120628