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- Title
Assessment of metal contamination in fish and vegetables/macrophytes from and around Loktak Lake, Manipur, India.
- Authors
Mayanglambam, Bhagita; Neelam, Siva Siddaiah
- Abstract
Consumption of fish and vegetables contaminated with metals can pose threats to human health. In this study, metal (Cu, Ni, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, Cr, Co, Pb and As) contamination in fish and macrophytes/vegetables from and around Loktak Lake were assessed. Whole fish for small-sized species (n = 9), tissues (gills, muscles, head and head + gills) for bigger-sized species (n = 6) and vegetables/macrophytes (n = 28) as leaves, seeds, roots, petioles, fruits, cereal and non-edible macrophytes were analyzed for metals. Metal pollution index (MPI), estimated daily intake (EDI) of metals and target hazard quotients (THQs) were calculated to assess possible health risks. The results reveal that Fe, Mn and Zn concentrations are relatively high among the studied biota. The MPI values (mg/kg) vary from 15.045 to 1.934 for fishes whereas 57.51 to 0.885 for vegetables/macrophytes, indicating a range of very high to no contamination among the biota. The highest EDI values for the majority of metals in small-sized fishes is through T. fasciata, among fish tissues is through gills, and among vegetables and edible-macrophytes is L. adscendens. THQs were less than 1 indicating no health risks from consumption of fishes, vegetables and edible-macrophytes, but Pb and Cd concentrations above safe limits are a concern.
- Subjects
MANIPUR (India); INDIA; MACROPHYTES; COPPER; METALS; LAKES; BIOTIC communities; VEGETABLES; GRAIN
- Publication
Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2024, Vol 17, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1866-7511
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s12517-023-11808-0