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- Title
MONOPOLES NEAR THE PLANCK SCALE AND UNIFICATION.
- Authors
Laperashvili, L. V.; Nielsen, H. B.; Ryzhikh, D. A.
- Abstract
Considering our (3+1)-dimensional space–time as, in some way, discrete or lattice with a parameter a = λ[sub P], where λ[sub P] is the Planck length, we have investigated the additional contributions of lattice artifact monopoles to beta functions of the renormalization group equations for the running fine structure constants α[sub i](μ) (i = 1,2,3 correspond to the U(1), SU(2) and SU(3) gauge groups of the Standard Model) in the Family Replicated Gauge Group Model (FRGGM) which is an extension of the Standard Model at high energies. It was shown that monopoles have N[sub fam] times smaller magnetic charge in FRGGM than in SM (N[sub fam] is the number of families in FRGGM). We have estimated also the enlargement of a number of fermions in FRGGM leading to the suppression of the asymptotic freedom in the non-Abelian theory. We have shown that, in contrast to the case of anti-GUT when the FRGGM undergoes the breakdown at μ = μ[sub G] ~ 10[sup 18]GeV, we have the possibility of unification if the FRGGM-breakdown occurs at μ[sub G] ~ 10[sup 14]GeV. By numerical calculations we obtained an example of the unification of all gauge interactions (including gravity) at the scale μ[sub GUT] ≈ 10[sup 18.4]GeV. We discussed the possibility of [SU(5)][sup 3] or [SO(10)][sup 3] (SUSY or not SUSY) unifications.
- Subjects
GAUGE field theory; LATTICE gauge theories; MAGNETIC monopoles; RENORMALIZATION group; LATTICE field theory; ELECTROWEAK interactions; GRAND unified theories (Nuclear physics)
- Publication
International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics, 2003, Vol 18, Issue 24, p4403
- ISSN
0217-751X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1142/S0217751X03016422