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- Title
Genotoxicity of bisphenol AF in rats: Detrimental to male reproductive system and probable stronger micronucleus induction potency than BPA.
- Authors
Zhu, Xia; Cao, Li; Liu, Yufei; Tang, Xinyao; Miao, Yeqiu; Zhang, Jing; Zhang, Lishi; Jia, Zhenchao; Chen, Jinyao
- Abstract
Bisphenol AF (BPAF), as one of structural analogs of BPA, has been increasingly used in recent years. However, limited studies have suggested its adverse effects similar to or higher than BPA. In order to explore the general toxicity and genotoxicity of subacute exposure to BPAF, the novel 28‐day multi‐endpoint (Pig‐a assay + micronucleus [MN] test + comet assay) genotoxicity evaluation platform was applied. Male rats were randomly distributed into seven main experimental groups and four satellite groups. The main experimental groups included BPAF‐treated groups (0.5, 5, and 50 μg/kg·bw/d), BPA group (10 μg/kg·bw/d), two solvent control groups (PBS and 0.1% ethanol/99.9% oil), and one positive control group (N‐ethyl‐N‐nitrosourea, 40 mg/kg bw). The satellite groups included BPAF high‐dose recovery group (BPAF‐HR), oil recovery group (oil‐R), ENU recovery group (ENU‐R), and PBS recovery group (PBS‐R). All groups received the agents orally via gavage for 28 consecutive days, and satellite groups were given a recovery period of 35 days. Among all histopathologically examined organs, testis and epididymis damage was noticed, which was further manifested as blood‐testis barrier (BTB) junction protein (Connexin 43 and Occludin) destruction. BPAF can induce micronucleus production and DNA damage, but the genotoxic injury can be repaired after the recovery period. The expression of DNA repair gene OGG1 was downregulated by BPAF. To summarize, under the design of this experiment, male reproductive toxicity of BPAF was noticed, which is similar to that of BPA, but its ability to induce micronucleus production may be stronger than that of BPA. In this study, we used the in vivo genotoxicity integrative evaluation system to evaluate the genotoxicity under subacute exposure to BPAF and explore and compare the mechanism of BPAF and BPA in inducing DNA damage and testicular damage. Under the design of this experiment, male reproductive toxicity of BPAF was noticed, which is similar to that of BPA, but its ability to induce micronucleus production may be stronger than that of BPA.
- Subjects
GENETIC toxicology; MALE reproductive organs; NUCLEOLUS; CONNEXIN 43; GENE expression; DNA repair
- Publication
Journal of Applied Toxicology, 2024, Vol 44, Issue 3, p428
- ISSN
0260-437X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/jat.4552