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- Title
Effect of organic foulants on ions separation at different ionic strengths in a nanofiltration system.
- Authors
Fang Gao; Xiaofei Xue; Lin Ma; Lingyun Li; Jianhua Mao; Yanwei Shi; Xiaoyan Yao
- Abstract
This study aimed to present the fouling behavior of nanofiltration membrane in homogeneous organic foulants and heterogeneous organic foulants, using the modified extended Derjaguin-- Landau--Verwey--Overbeek theory. It found that homogeneous organic foulants (e.g., humic acid and bovine serum albumin) became more problematic with increasing ionic strength. Conversely, the permeate reduction from heterogeneous organic foulants (BSA-HA) intensified and then lightened. Significantly, it also explored the effectiveness of nanofiltration for separating NaCl and Na2SO4 ions, focusing on the impact of ionic strength and organic fouling on ion separation. Our results show that ion separation increased from 11.08 to 84.2 as the interaction energy between the foulant and the virgin membrane improved from -13.9 ± 0.5 mJ/m² to -35.6 ± 2.4 mJ/m² in the initial stage (virgin membranes). This increase in separation is due to the Donnan-like effect caused by negatively charged dissolved substances. However, ion separation gradually reduced as interfacial energy between the organics and fouled membrane decreased. This reduction can be attributed to cake-enhanced concentration polarization and weakened electrostatic repulsive forces.
- Subjects
IONIC strength; NANOFILTRATION; IONS; SERUM albumin; HUMIC acid; FILTERS &; filtration; WATER filtration
- Publication
Desalination & Water Treatment, 2023, Vol 302, p43
- ISSN
1944-3994
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.5004/dwt.2023.29710