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- Title
Application of nanofiltration for concentration of sodium sulfate waste solution.
- Authors
Cichy, B.; Jaroszek, H.; Mikołajczak, W.; Nowak, M.; Pisarska, B.; Markowicz, P.; Malinowski, T.
- Abstract
Nanofiltration was successfully applied to pre-concentrate waste sodium sulfate solution. Reducing salt discharge to the environment is important from both an economical and ecological point of view. Two commercial membranes: NF-270 (DOW FilmTec) and MPS-34 (KOCH) were characterized in flat-sheet and tested in spiral-wound configuration. In the pressure range of 10-40 bar, both permeation flux and salt retention were found to decrease significantly with increasing feed concentration and decreasing driving force. To maintain a high concentration of Na2SO4 (up to 110 g/l) and low salt content in permeate (below 0.3 g/l Na2SO4), a two-stage process was proposed and verified.
- Subjects
NANOFILTRATION; SODIUM sulfate; SALT; WASTEWATER treatment
- Publication
Desalination & Water Treatment, 2017, Vol 76, p349
- ISSN
1944-3994
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.5004/dwt.2017.20594