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- Title
BURSA HARÎR DÂRUTTALÎMİ.
- Authors
ÇİFTÇİ, Cafer
- Abstract
Pebrine disease, a silkworm disease, emerging in France and Italy in the middle of the 19th century entered into Ottoman course in 1857, started to spread firstly in Edirne then in İzmit and Bursa. In 1865, the French microbiologist and chemist Louis Pasteur began to become interested in this disease, which appeared in France, and in a short period of time he found solutions against this disease. After 1881, Ottoman Public Debt Administration’s getting right to collect the tithe revenue from silk located in rüsûm-ı sitte and its desire to maximize the revenues, with the developments in Europe, had impact on the beginning of a new era for sericulture and Bursa. In this process, Torkomyan Efendi, who enchased for Ottoman Empire in Montpellier School of Agriculture in France, submitted argument to Ottoman Public Debt Administration about disease-free seed harvesting and teaching of entomology by doing a pre-study and wanted a school which produced seed with Pasteur's procedure and provided an education of it in Bursa to be opened. With the Ottoman Empire’s decision, Bursa Harîr Dâruttalîmi (Bursa Sericulture Institute) was officially opened in 14 April 1888. The school Harîr Dâruttalîmi, or called with the name Sericicole Institut, was provided financial support by Ottoman Public Debt Administration. The school had two kinds of training program. The first one was the two-year program given to the full-time students elected with an exam. The second program was the one, with the two-month halftime education programs between April-May and September-October, which gave certificate to those who produced sericulture according to Pasteur procedure. In last 18 years from 1888, the number of the ones who were educated and got testimonial was 769 and the number of the ones who got certificate was 465, in total 1234 private graduated from this school. Bursa Harîr Dâruttalîmi, the first school at which sericulture education was given in scientific sense in Turkey, is one of the most important examples of the modernization efforts in the field of vocational education in Abdülhamid II period.
- Subjects
PEBRINE; OTTOMAN Empire; SERICULTURE; SILKWORMS; VOCATIONAL education
- Publication
Journal of Turkish Studies, 2014, Vol 41, p127
- ISSN
0743-0019
- Publication type
Article