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- Title
Changes in Cognitive Functions after Carotid Endarterectomy and Carotid Stenting: A Decade-Apart Comparison.
- Authors
Václavík, Daniel; Pakizer, David; Hrbáč, Tomáš; Roubec, Martin; Procházka, Václav; Jonszta, Tomáš; Herzig, Roman; Školoudík, David
- Abstract
Background: This study investigates changes in cognitive function in patients with severe carotid stenosis who underwent carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid stenting (CAS) over two decades. Methods: We compared cognitive function within 30 days after the procedure in 267 patients (first 100 each for CEA and CAS in two periods: 2008–2012 and 2018–2022) in a single institution. Assessments used Adenbrooke's Cognitive Examination–Revised (ACE-R), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Speech Fluency Test (SFT), and Clock Drawing Test (CDT), conducted before and 30 ± 2 days after surgery. Results: Patients (mean age 67.2 years, 70%+ carotid stenosis) exhibited different cognitive changes over periods. In 2008–2012, significant declines in MMSE (CEA, p = 0.049) and CDT (CAS, p = 0.015) were observed among asymptomatic patients. On the contrary, in 2018–2022, improvements were observed in ACE-R and MMSE for symptomatic and asymptomatic patients undergoing CEA and CAS. Conclusion: Over a decade, advances in interventional techniques and patient management have reduced risks of cognitive decline in patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis and also have improved cognitive functions in both symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals.
- Subjects
COGNITIVE ability; CAROTID artery stenosis; ASYMPTOMATIC patients; CAROTID endarterectomy; MINI-Mental State Examination; CAROTID intima-media thickness; VERBAL behavior testing
- Publication
Biomedicines, 2024, Vol 12, Issue 1, p13
- ISSN
2227-9059
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/biomedicines12010013