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- Title
HPV vaccine and oropharingeal cancer: what we know and what we don’t know.
- Authors
Vlădăreanu, Radu; Boiangiu, Andreea; Vlădăreanu, Simona
- Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection represents a global health issue, as more than 80% of the population will be exposed by the age of 50. Human papillomavirus has been proven to be an important risk factor for head and neck cancer, besides anogenital cancers. The infection with high-risk genotypes of the human papillomavirus is necessary and causative for almost 9% of cancer in women and for 1% in males worldwide. Although gynecological HPV malignancies have been intensely studied and documented, men can also be affected by HPV-related cancers – i.e., anal, penian and oropharyngeal. Traditionally, oropharyngeal cancers have been linked to tobacco and alcohol use, but the last decades have shown an increased incidende of HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancers, especially oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas. The vaccination programs along the world aim to reduce the incidence of anogenital cancers, as well as to protect against oropharyngeal HPV-associated cancers. The use of prophylactic vaccines that are highly immunogenic will likely decrease the incidence of HPV-associated cancers in the following years. The therapeutic vaccines are designed to generate cell-mediated immunity against tumoral cells by using different techniques – i.e., genetic vaccines, protein-based, peptide-based or dendritic cells-based vaccines, but at this time the studies are still ongoing and no vaccine has yet been licensed for therapeutic use. The awareness about this health issue, the development of prophylactic methods, along with vaccines and the further development of accurate and available screening methods will offer an opportunity to achieve better survival rates in HPV-induced oropharygeal cancers.
- Subjects
HUMAN papillomavirus vaccines; GENOTYPES; OROPHARYNGEAL cancer
- Publication
ORL.ro, 2021, Issue 50, p36
- ISSN
2067-6530
- Publication type
Article