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- Title
Mitigating the Impact of Stereotypes on Academic Performance: The Effects of Cultural Identity and Attributions For Success Among African American College Students.
- Authors
Smith, Christine E.; Hopkins, Reginald
- Abstract
This study explored mediating factors that may negate stereotype threat, described by Claude Steele as the social-psychological threat occurring when a member of a group must perform a task for which that group is negatively stereotyped. Specifically, the study examined how cultural identity, attributions for success, and stereotype threat interact in terms of academic performance among African American students. One hundred sixty African American students completed three measurement tools: the African American Acculturation Scale, Rotter's Locus of Control Scale, and the Wide Range Achievement Test 3. A 2x2x2 factorial independent groups design was utilized in this study. Analysis of variance produced several findings: (a) no significant main effects were found for cultural identity on either the arithmetic or spelling test, (b) there was a significant main effect for focus of control on the arithmetic test, and (c) no significant main effects were found for the threat condition on either the arithmetic or spelling test. A significant interaction effect was found between cultural identity and locus of control on the arithmetic test, wherein students with high cultural identity and a high level of internal locus of control performed significantly better than did the other groups.
- Subjects
STEREOTYPES; STEELE, Claude, 1946-; SOCIAL psychology; CULTURAL identity; AFRICAN American students
- Publication
Western Journal of Black Studies, 2004, Vol 28, Issue 1, p312
- ISSN
0197-4327
- Publication type
Article