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- Title
The First Report of a Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus of Genotype VII.2 Causing Outbreaks in Chickens in Bangladesh.
- Authors
Nooruzzaman, Mohammed; Hossain, Ismail; Begum, Jahan Ara; Moula, Moktader; Khaled, Shamsul Arefin; Parvin, Rokshana; Chowdhury, Emdadul Haque; Islam, Mohammad Rafiqul; Diel, Diego G.; Dimitrov, Kiril M.
- Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) is endemic in poultry in Bangladesh. We performed genotypic and pathotypic characterization of four ND virus (NDV) isolates from recent outbreaks in broiler chickens in Bangladesh during the period of 2020–2021. Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete fusion protein gene coding sequences classified the viruses into NDV class II genotype VII.2 together with viruses from Indonesia isolated between 2014 and 2021 and a single 2020 Indian isolate. Pathogenicity testing using the intracerebral pathogenicity index in day-old chickens and mean embryo death time in embryonating chicken eggs revealed that the Bangladeshi isolates are velogenic. Inoculation of 35-day-old chickens with two NDV isolates (LT67 and N5) resulted in 100% morbidity by 3 days post inoculation (DPI), and all birds succumbed to infection by 7 DPI. Massive hemorrhages, congestion and necrotic lesions were observed in different visceral organs, which were typical for infection with a velogenic viscerotropic pathotype of NDV. At microscopic examination, tracheitis, severe pneumonia, focal proventriculitis, transmural enteritis, focal myocarditis, severe congestion and necrosis in kidneys, and lymphoid depletion in lymphoid tissues were found. Our study reports the first outbreak of the panzootic genotype VII.2 NDV in poultry in Bangladesh and documents a possible recent re-introduction of this NDV genotype from Southeast or East Asia. This study further provides viral distribution and epidemiological data that can facilitate the effective control of NDV.
- Subjects
BANGLADESH; NEWCASTLE disease virus; CHICKEN diseases; NEWCASTLE disease; GENOTYPES; CHICKEN embryos; MOSAIC viruses; CHICKENS; PLANT viruses
- Publication
Viruses (1999-4915), 2022, Vol 14, Issue 12, p2627
- ISSN
1999-4915
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/v14122627