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- Title
Impact of mixed meal tolerance test composition on measures of beta-cell function in type 2 diabetes.
- Authors
Kössler, Theresa; Bobrov, Pavel; Strassburger, Klaus; Kuss, Oliver; Zaharia, Oana-Patricia; Karusheva, Yanislava; Möser, Clara; Bódis, Kálmán; Burkart, Volker; Roden, Michael; Szendroedi, Julia; for the GDS Group; Roden, M.; Al-Hasani, H.; Belgardt, B.; Burkart, V.; Buyken, A. E.; Geerling, G.; Herder, C.; Hwang, J. H.
- Abstract
Background: Application of mixed meal tolerance tests (MMTT) to measure beta-cell function in long-term studies is limited by modification of the commercial products occurring over time. This study assessed the intra-individual reliability of MMTTs and compared the effects of liquid meals differing in macronutrient composition on the estimation of beta-cell function in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods: To test the reliability of MMTTs, 10 people with T2DM (age 58 ± 11 years, body mass index 30.0 ± 4.9 kg/m2) received Boost®high Protein 20 g protein three times. For comparing different meals, another 10 persons with T2DM (58 ± 5 years, 31.9 ± 5.3 kg/m2) ingested either Boost®high Protein 20 g protein or the isocaloric Boost®high Protein 15 g protein containing 35% less protein and 18% more carbohydrates. C-peptide, insulin and glucose release were assessed from the incremental area under the concentration time curve (iAUC) and the intra- and inter-individual variation of these parameters from the coefficients of variations (CV). Results: Repetitive ingestion of one meal revealed intra-individual CVs for the iAUCs of C-peptide, insulin and glucose, which were at least 3-times lower than the inter-individual variation of these parameters (18.2%, 19.7% and 18.9% vs. 74.2%, 70.5% and 207.7%) indicating a good reliability. Ingestion of two different meals resulted in comparable intra-individual CVs of the iAUCs of C-peptide and insulin (16.9%, 20.5%). Conclusion: MMTTs provide reliable estimation of beta-cell function in people with T2DM. Furthermore, moderate differences in the protein and carbohydrate contents in a standardized liquid meal do not result in relevant changes of C-peptide and insulin responses. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, Identifier number: NCT01055093. Registered 22 January 2010 – Retrospectively registered, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT01055093
- Subjects
ANTHROPOMETRY; INDIVIDUALITY; NUTRITIONAL requirements; ISLANDS of Langerhans; TYPE 2 diabetes; INSULIN; RESEARCH funding; BODY mass index; C-peptide
- Publication
Nutrition & Metabolism, 2021, Vol 18, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1743-7075
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s12986-021-00556-1