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- Title
Herpesviridae and Atypical Bacteria Co-Detections in Lower Respiratory Tract Samples of SARS-CoV-2-Positive Patients Admitted to an Intensive Care Unit.
- Authors
Grubelnik, Gašper; Korva, Miša; Kogoj, Rok; Polanc, Tina; Mavrič, Matej; Jevšnik Virant, Monika; Uršič, Tina; Keše, Darja; Seme, Katja; Petrovec, Miroslav; Jereb, Matjaž; Avšič-Županc, Tatjana
- Abstract
Shortly after the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), cases of viral, bacterial, and fungal coinfections in hospitalized patients became evident. This retrospective study investigates the prevalence of multiple pathogen co-detections in 1472 lower respiratory tract (LRT) samples from 229 SARS-CoV-2-positive patients treated in the largest intensive care unit (ICU) in Slovenia. In addition to SARS-CoV-2, (rt)RT-PCR tests were used to detect cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2), varicella zoster virus (VZV), and atypical bacteria: Chlamydia pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Legionella pneumophila/spp. At least one co-detection was observed in 89.1% of patients. EBV, HSV-1, and CMV were the most common, with 74.7%, 58.1%, and 38.0% of positive patients, respectively. The median detection time of EBV, HSV-1, and CMV after initial SARS-CoV-2 confirmation was 11 to 20 days. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and tracheal aspirate (TA) samples showed equivalent performance for the detection of EBV, CMV, and HSV-1 in patients with both available samples. Our results indicate that SARS-CoV-2 infection could be a risk factor for latent herpesvirus reactivation, especially HSV-1, EBV, and CMV. However, additional studies are needed to elucidate the clinical importance of these findings.
- Subjects
SLOVENIA; SARS-CoV-2; HERPESVIRUSES; HUMAN herpesvirus 2; INTENSIVE care patients; VARICELLA-zoster virus
- Publication
Microorganisms, 2024, Vol 12, Issue 4, p714
- ISSN
2076-2607
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/microorganisms12040714