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- Title
Daily rhythm in cortical chloride homeostasis underpins functional changes in visual cortex excitability.
- Authors
Pracucci, Enrico; Graham, Robert T.; Alberio, Laura; Nardi, Gabriele; Cozzolino, Olga; Pillai, Vinoshene; Pasquini, Giacomo; Saieva, Luciano; Walsh, Darren; Landi, Silvia; Zhang, Jinwei; Trevelyan, Andrew J.; Ratto, Gian-Michele
- Abstract
Cortical activity patterns are strongly modulated by fast synaptic inhibition mediated through ionotropic, chloride-conducting receptors. Consequently, chloride homeostasis is ideally placed to regulate activity. We therefore investigated the stability of baseline [Cl-]i in adult mouse neocortex, using in vivo two-photon imaging. We found a two-fold increase in baseline [Cl-]i in layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons, from day to night, with marked effects upon both physiological cortical processing and seizure susceptibility. Importantly, the night-time activity can be converted to the day-time pattern by local inhibition of NKCC1, while inhibition of KCC2 converts day-time [Cl-]i towards night-time levels. Changes in the surface expression and phosphorylation of the cation-chloride cotransporters, NKCC1 and KCC2, matched these pharmacological effects. When we extended the dark period by 4 h, mice remained active, but [Cl-]i was modulated as for animals in normal light cycles. Our data thus demonstrate a daily [Cl-]i modulation with complex effects on cortical excitability. Ionic levels in neurons provide the potential energy for all neuronal communication. Here the. authors show a very large modulation of [Cl-]i neocortical pyramidal cells, from day to night, with marked effects on cortical excitability and processing.
- Subjects
PYRAMIDAL neurons; HOMEOSTASIS; CHLORIDES; VISUAL cortex; RHYTHM; POTENTIAL energy
- Publication
Nature Communications, 2023, Vol 14, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
2041-1723
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/s41467-023-42711-7