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- Title
Observation of bulk quadrupole in topological heat transport.
- Authors
Xu, Guoqiang; Zhou, Xue; Yang, Shuihua; Wu, Jing; Qiu, Cheng-Wei
- Abstract
The quantized bulk quadrupole moment has so far revealed a non-trivial boundary state with lower-dimensional topological edge states and in-gap zero-dimensional corner modes. In contrast to photonic implementations, state-of-the-art strategies for topological thermal metamaterials struggle to achieve such higher-order hierarchical features. This is due to the absence of quantized bulk quadrupole moments in thermal diffusion fundamentally prohibiting possible band topology expansions. Here, we report a recipe for generating quantized bulk quadrupole moments in fluid heat transport and observe the quadrupole topological phases in non-Hermitian thermal systems. Our experiments show that both the real- and imaginary-valued bands exhibit the hierarchical features of bulk, gapped edge and in-gap corner states—in stark contrast to the higher-order states observed only on real-valued bands in classical wave fields. Our findings open up unique possibilities for diffusive metamaterial engineering and establish a playground for multipolar topological physics. Topological transport in thermal diffusion is governed by physical principles that are distinct from those encountered in solid-state or photonic topological systems. Here, the authors demonstrate an experimental strategy for engineering topological thermal phases with bulk, edge and corner modes.
- Subjects
QUADRUPOLE moments; QUADRUPOLES; THERMAL engineering; METAMATERIALS; NUCLEAR quadrupole resonance; QUANTUM spin Hall effect; PHYSICS
- Publication
Nature Communications, 2023, Vol 14, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
2041-1723
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/s41467-023-39117-w