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- Title
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE EXPERIENCE OF DEATH OR SERIOUS INJURY/ILLNESS AND THE PRESENCE OF DSM-IV CRITERIA-BASED MAJOR DEPRESSION (MDD) AMONG OLDER ADULTS.
- Authors
Schmidt, Ryan N.; Baek, Jong Deuk (JD)
- Abstract
Depression is the leading cause of disability as measured by Years Lived with Disability (YLDs) and the fourth leading contributor to the global burden of disease in 2000. Since 1900, the percentage of Americans 65+ has tripled (from 4.1% in 1900 to 12.4% in 2006), and the number has increased twelve times. Some type of disability, to include mental disability, was reported by 52% of older persons in 2002. The prevalence of DSM-IV criteria-based major depression and a comprehensive medical measurement is needed given the drastic rise in the elderly population and their propensity to experience environmental death and/or serious illness and injury (DSI/I). To analyze the likelihood of having DSM-IV criteria-based major depression when experiencing DSI/I of a family member or close friend within the last twelve months. Specifically, this study utilized a medical model approach by positively screening the elderly sample while utilizing the exact criteria as outlined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). This study is a cross sectional study and secondary data analysis of the 2001-2002 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC). A stratified sampling design was required to evaluate those within the NESARC data set who were 65 years of age or older. The data was initially processed with SAS in conjunction with SAS callable SUDAAN to account for the complex design of the survey. Frequency distributions were completed for independent variables by major depression diagnosis criteria. Bivariate analyses were used to compare DSM-IV criteria-based major depression diagnosis with the independent variables. Multivariate analyses were conducted to assess the relationship between the outcome variables and independent variables while adjusting for covariates. Older persons who had experienced either DSI/I of a close family member or friend within the past 12 months were more likely (OR 1.56 LBL 1.21 UBL 2.00) to have DSM-IV criteria-based major depression than those who did not experience DSI/I of a close family member or friend within the past 12 months. Similarly, older persons who had experienced both DSI/I of a close family member or friend within the past 12 months were more likely (OR 1.89 (LBL 1.45 UBL 2.46) to have DSM-IV criteria-based major depression than those who did not experience DSI/I of a close family member or friend within the past 12 months. DSI/I were consistent throughout the multivariate analysis when utilizing stepwise modeling procedures and controlling for effects associated with demographics, resources, heritage, and symptoms (Table 3). Additionally, 48 percent of those negatively screened for DSM-IV criteria-based major depression had not experienced DSI/I, while only 35 percent of those positively screened for DSM-IV criteria-based major depression had not experienced DSI/I (Table 1). The DSI/I and its environmental affects on the older population are apparent while diagnosable accounts of DSM-IV criteria-based major depression remain significant for those who experience DSI/I. The finding that older persons were more likely to experience DSM-IV criteria-based major depression (Models 1-5) if they had some experience of DSI/I warrant further investigation on this subject matter.
- Subjects
MENTAL depression; MENTAL health of older people; MODELING agencies; REGRESSION analysis; ANALYSIS of variance; DECISION making
- Publication
Journal of Applied Global Research, 2012, Vol 5, Issue 15, p54
- ISSN
1940-1833
- Publication type
Article