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- Title
Effect of kinetics of complexation by humic acid on toxicity of copper to Ceriodaphnia dubia
- Authors
Kim, S. D.; Allen, H. E.; Ma, H.; Cha, D. K.
- Abstract
The rate of reaction of trace metal ions is an important consideration when studying the chemistry of' trace metals it, natural waters. The application of speciation models to natural water systems requiresknowledge of kinetics if reactions are slow Most bioassay and toxicity tests conducted in static and flow-through systems have not taken reaction kinetics into account. Therefore. results from these studiesmay overestimate the toxicity in the receiving waters. In the present study, the kinetics of the interaction of Cu(II) with humic acid (HA) and its influence on the toxicity of copper to Ceriodaphnia dubia were investigated by both chemical kinetic studies using a copper ionselective electrode and bioassay tests using a continuous flow-through bioassay system. A two-ligand site with first-order rate constantsmodel gave a very good description of experimental kinetic data of the change of free Cu2+ concentration. Average k, was 1.85/h and average k was 0.094/h. Bioassay tests indicated that different reaction times of copper with HA solution produced different toxic effects to organisms. We determined the hydrodynamic characteristics of the bioassay chambers to better describe the exposure of the organisms to free Cu2+. The bioassays supported the free ion activity model that the bioavailability and therefore toxicity of copper was directly correlated to the free Cu2+ concentration rather than to the total copper concentration. It was further shown that conventional chemical kinetics can be used to predict the toxicity of copper in these bioassays. Thisstudy supports the importance of considering reaction kinetics when studying the chemistry of trace metals in natural waters.
- Subjects
COPPER; HEAVY metals; HUMIC acid; POLLUTION
- Publication
Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry, 1999, Vol 18, Issue 5, p828
- ISSN
0730-7268
- Publication type
Article