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- Title
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND BASELINE STUDIES OF OLUYOLE INDUSTRIAL ESTATE EFFLUENTS, IBADAN SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA.
- Authors
Adeigbe, O. C.
- Abstract
Oluyole Industrial Estate, the most industrialized centre in Ibadan city is underlain by migmatised biotite hornblende gneiss, Quartzite and Gneiss Schist. The continuous increase in human activities and lack of environmental best practices due to increase in population and attendant urbanization challenges have led to increasing level of toxic and non-toxic metals in the area. This present study aimed at determining the impact of waste disposal and effluent discharge on water, soil and sediment in the area. Forty five samples covering the three media were collected which were further subjected to granulometric, geochemical analyses using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS).Also the Physico-chemical parameters of the water samples were determined. The grain size analysis revealed the sediment and the soil samples to be poorly sorted, the mean sizes ranges from moderate to fine sand, the skewness of the soil sample ranged from negatively skewed to very positively skewed, while that of the sediments ranged from very negatively skewed to nearly symmetrical. The Kurtosis of the soil and sediment samples was platykurtic and platykurtic to leptokurtic respectively. The geo-accumulation index of the sediments and soil revealed that the concentration of heavy metals ranged from practically uncontaminated to heavily contaminated and from practically contaminated to moderately contaminated. The observed positive correlation coefficient among some of the elements and grouping using the R-mode factor analysis revealed Zn-Cu (0.90), Cr-Ni (0.94), Zn-Pb (0.91) thus indicating common sources for these metals in the soil and stream sediments of the area. The physico-chemical parameters of the water reveals slightly acidic to slightly basic while other parameters such as total hardness and Total dissolve Solid (TDS) fall within WHO maximum permissible level. The EC ranged from 226-589, while the mean concentration of the cations is in the order Ca >Na > K > Mg and anions is HCO3 > Cl > SO4 > NO3 revealing ions expected in fresh surface water. The Trilinear Piper diagram characterise the water as alkaline earth water type which is predominantly rich in HCO3 while the Gibbs and Schoeller diagrams revealed the water samples to be a function of dilution effects and high concentration of HCO3, Ca2+ ion and decrease in SO42- ion respectively. Conclusively, it can be said that the surface water within the study area is suitable for use since all parameters fall within the maximum permissible limit of the WHO standard. The study also deduced that human activities are major contribution of heavy metal distribution and subsequent enrichment in the study area as revealed by geochemical and geo-accumulation index map.
- Subjects
IBADAN (Nigeria); METAL content of industrial wastes; ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis; WASTE disposal in rivers, lakes, etc.; URBANIZATION; INDUSTRIAL districts; GEOCHEMISTRY
- Publication
Petroleum & Coal, 2016, Vol 58, Issue 3, p390
- ISSN
1335-3055
- Publication type
Article