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- Title
Molluscicidal Properties of Azadirachta Indica on Pomacea Canaliculata.
- Authors
Harun, Nooraihan Binti; Mohd Redhuan, Nur Eliyana; Aung Tun Khaing; Mohamed, Wan Zahari
- Abstract
Introduction: Rice; a staple food in Malaysia is widely farmed in paddies. Cultivation of rice is vital to meet the food demand of the rising population of Malaysians even as there is limited land mass dedicated for this. Therefore, in order to meet this food demand in the face of land constraints, paddy production must be enhanced. Currently efforts to improve these rice paddies are being hampered by pestilence important of which is Pomacea canaliculata or golden apple snail (GAS). This snail infestation may result in death of affected plant as well as increasing the cost of production. Methods used by Malaysian farmers in controlling snail infestation are laborious and expensive as they involve manual picking and use of chemical molluscicides which may be harmful to non-target organisms as well as the environment. Thus, there is a dire need for readily available, safe, inexpensive, and effective molluscicides as better alternatives to chemical molluscicides currently in use. Azadirachta indica or Neem plant is known to possess many pharmacological properties including molluscicidal properties that are considered safe for human, higher animals and the environment Objective: Hence, this study assesses the molluscicidal properties of different concentrations of neem leaves solutions on different sizes of GAS. Methods: Snails (n = 100) were collected from irrigation canals and grouped as small (n = 50) and large (n = 50) sizes followed by acclimatization of these snails for 3 days. The neem leaf solutions were prepared in four (4) different concentrations as well as distilled water as negative control and sprayed on five (5) groups of 30 paddy 9-day old seedlings in a plastic aquarium. Five (5) snails were introduced into each of the aquariums. Snail mortality was observed every 24 hours for 4 days. The lethal concentration (LC50 and LC95) were then determined using dose analysis with XLSTAT*. The test was done in duplicate. Results: Result revealed that highest neem concentration cause highest mortality to GAS. The LC50 of neem leaves solution was estimated at 1.97 and 2.51 g/L for small and large snails respectively while LC95 was at 18.87 g/L for small snails and 35.40 g/L for large snail. The higher the neem concentration the higher the snail mortality rate even as the smaller sized snails are more affected for each LC50 and LC95 concentrations tested. Conclusion: This study revealed that neem leaves solution has molluscicidal properties against GAS at high concentrations and small snails are more susceptible.
- Subjects
MALAYSIA; ANIMAL experimentation; DOSE-response relationship in biochemistry; HELMINTHS; LEAVES; MOLLUSKS; MORTALITY; RICE; PLANT extracts; DATA analysis software; DESCRIPTIVE statistics
- Publication
International Medical Journal, 2016, Vol 23, Issue 6, p702
- ISSN
1341-2051
- Publication type
Article