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- Title
The use of multiple measurement techniques to refine estimates of conifer needle geometry .
- Authors
Bond-Lamberty, B.; Wang, C.; Gower, S.T.
- Abstract
Reports that the knowledge of foliar surface area is important in many fields, but estimating the area of nonflat conifer needles is difficult. Primary goal of the study that was to use optical scanning and immersion methods to test and refine the standard cross-sectional geometries assumed for black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) and jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) needles; Projected leaf area (PLA, measured using a flatbed scanner), and hemisurface leaf area (HSLA, estimated from water immersion) that were compared for conifer samples stand in northern Manitoba, Canada; HSLA?PLA relationship that was used to infer information about needle cross-sectional geometry after assuming a basic form (rhombus for black spruce and hemiellipse for jack pine); Cross section of black spruce needles that was best approximated as a rhombus with a major/minor diagonal ratio; Jack pine needles that were best described by a hemiellipse with major/minor axis ratio; Minor but incorrect assumptions of needle cross-sectional geometry that resulted in foliar area errors; Simple equations that are presented to calculate hemisurface needle area from volume or projected needle area based on these refined parameters.
- Subjects
MANITOBA; CANADA; CONIFERS; OPTICAL scanners; BLACK spruce; JACK pine
- Publication
Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 2003, Vol 33, Issue 1, p101
- ISSN
0045-5067
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1139/x02-166