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- Title
Diffuse persistent pulmonary interstitial emphysema secondary to mechanical ventilation in bronchiolitis.
- Authors
Toledo del Castillo, Blanca; Gordillo, Isabel; Rubio García, Elena; Fernández Lafever, Sarah Nicole; Gonzalez Cortés, Rafael; Urbano Villaescusa, Javier; López González, Jorge; Solana García, María José; López-Herce Cid, Jesús
- Abstract
Background: Persistent interstitial pulmonary emphysema (PIE) is a rare disease and it is even more uncommon in full-term infants, like our patient. When conservative management is not successful, surgical treatment should be considered. In our case, ECMO support was iniciated to keep the patient ventilated in order to allow the lung to heal using lung protection strategies. Case presentation: We report an 18-day-old male infant with bronchiolitis that required mechanical ventilation with high positive airway pressures due to severe respiratory insufficiency. Chest X-rays and computed tomography scan revealed a severely hyperinflated left lung with extensive destructive changes and multiple small bullae. These findings were consistent with diffuse persistent interstitial emphysema (PIE), probably due to mechanical ventilation. The patient required high frequency oscillatory ventilation, inotropic support and continuous renal replacement therapy. He eventually suffered a cardiac arrest that required cardiopulmonary resuscitation and ECMO during 5 days with progressive clinical improvement and normalization of the X-ray. Conclusion: We present a patient with diffuse persistent interstitial emphysema who, despite an unfavorable evolution with different mechanical ventilation strategies, had a good response after ECMO assistance.
- Subjects
PULMONARY emphysema; ARTIFICIAL respiration; BRONCHIOLITIS
- Publication
BMC Pulmonary Medicine, 2016, Vol 16, p1
- ISSN
1471-2466
- Publication type
Case Study
- DOI
10.1186/s12890-016-0299-9