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- Title
Anesthesia induction, emergence, and postoperative behaviors in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders.
- Authors
TAIT, ALAN R.; VOEPEL-LEWIS, TERRI; BURKE, CONSTANCE; DOHERTY, TARA
- Abstract
Background/Aim: Given the increasing prevalence of attention-deficit and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD), anesthesiologists are now presented with a greater number of children who are diagnosed with these conditions. This prospective, observational study was designed to compare anesthesia induction, emergence, and postoperative behaviors in children with and without ADHD. Methods/Materials: The sample included 268 children, 4–17 years of age undergoing elective surgery with a confirmed diagnosis of ADHD. A cohort of children without ADHD, matched for age, gender, and procedure served as controls. Preoperative cooperation, induction, and emergence behaviors were measured using established scales. Postoperative maladaptive behaviors were measured using a modified Post-Hospital Behavioral Questionnaire that was administered via telephone 1 week after surgery. Results: Children with ADHD were significantly less cooperative at induction of anesthesia compared with controls (20.9% vs 10.6% respectively, P = 0.001). Although some control children exhibited an increase in maladaptive behaviors postoperatively, these behaviors were significantly greater among children with ADHD. In particular, relative to their normal behaviors, children with ADHD had greater difficulties in concentration and decision-making; were more disobedient, impulsive, fidgety, had poor appetite; were difficult to talk to; and exhibited an increase in temper tantrums following surgery. Conclusions: This is the first prospective study to our knowledge that has examined the perioperative and postoperative behaviors of children with ADHD compared to those without this disorder. These results are important in alerting anesthesiologists, parents, and teachers to the potential for difficulties during induction of anesthesia and postoperative behavioral problems at home and in school, respectively.
- Subjects
PEDIATRIC anesthesia complications; ATTENTION-deficit hyperactivity disorder; COHORT analysis; PEDIATRIC surgery; OPERATIVE surgery; BEHAVIORAL assessment of children; ANESTHESIOLOGISTS; QUESTIONNAIRES
- Publication
Pediatric Anesthesia, 2010, Vol 20, Issue 4, p323
- ISSN
1155-5645
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1460-9592.2010.03268.x