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- Title
Prevalence of chronic pain in LTCs and multimorbidity: A cross-sectional study using UK Biobank.
- Authors
McQueenie, Ross; Jani, Bhautesh Dinesh; Siebert, Stefan; McLoone, Philip; McCowan, Colin; Macdonald, Sara; Mair, Frances S.; Nicholl, Barbara I.
- Abstract
Objectives: Chronic pain is often experienced alongside other long-term conditions (LTCs), yet our understanding of this, particularly in relation to multimorbidity (≥2 LTCs) is poor. We aimed to examine associations between the presence/extent of chronic pain with type/number of LTCs experienced. Methods: We examined the relationship between number/type of LTCs (N = 45) in UK Biobank participants (n = 500,295) who self-reported chronic pain lasting ≥3 months in seven body sites or widespread. Relative risk ratios (RRR) for presence/extent of chronic pain sites were compared using logistic regression adjusted for sociodemographic (sex/ age/socioeconomic status) and lifestyle factors (smoking/alcohol intake/BMI/physical activity). Results: 218,648 participants self-reported chronic pain. Of these, 69.1% reported ≥1 LTC and 36.2% reported ≥2 LTCs. In 31/45 LTCs examined, >50% of participants experienced chronic pain. Chronic pain was common with migraine/ headache and irritable bowel syndrome where pain is a primary symptom, but also with mental health conditions and diseases of the digestive system. Participants with >4 LTCs were over three times as likely to have chronic pain (RRR 3.56, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) 3.44-3.68) and 20 times as likely to have widespread chronic pain (RRR 20.13, 95% CI 18.26-22.19) as those with no LTCs. Conclusions: Chronic pain is extremely common across a wide range of LTCs. People with multimorbidity were at higher risk of having a greater extent of chronic pain. These results show that chronic pain is a key factor for consideration in the management of patients with LTCs or multimorbidity.
- Subjects
UNITED Kingdom; CHRONIC pain; RELATIVE medical risk; LIFESTYLES; OBESITY; DIGESTIVE system diseases; CONFIDENCE intervals; CHRONIC diseases; CROSS-sectional method; SELF-evaluation; AGE distribution; MIGRAINE; IRRITABLE colon; RISK assessment; SEX distribution; SOCIOECONOMIC factors; PHYSICAL activity; DISEASE prevalence; ALCOHOL drinking; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; QUESTIONNAIRES; CHI-squared test; RESEARCH funding; ODDS ratio; LOGISTIC regression analysis; SMOKING; HEADACHE; COMORBIDITY; MENTAL illness; DISEASE risk factors
- Publication
Journal of Multimorbidity & Comorbidity, 2021, Vol 11, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
2633-5565
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1177/26335565211005870