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- Title
Enhanced production of perylenequinones in the endophytic fungus Shiraia sp. Slf14 by calcium/calmodulin signal transduction.
- Authors
Liu, Bin; Bao, Jianying; Zhang, Zhibin; Yan, Riming; Wang, Ya; Yang, Huilin; Zhu, Du
- Abstract
Perylenequinones (PQ) that notably produce reactive oxygen species upon exposure to visible light are a class of photoactivated polyketide mycotoxins produced by fungal plant pathogens such as Shiraia sp. The involvement of Ca/calmodulin (CaM) signalling in PQ biosynthesis was investigated by submerged culturing of Shiraia sp. Slf14, a species that produces hypocrellins HA and HB and elsinochromes EA, EB, and EC. Our results showed that the total content of PQ reached 1894.66 ± 21.93 mg/L under optimal conditions of Ca addition, which represents a 5.8-fold improvement over controls. The addition of pharmacological Ca sensor inhibitors strongly inhibited PQ production, which indicates that Ca/CaM signalling regulates PQ biosynthesis. The expression levels of Ca sensor and PQ biosynthetic genes were downregulated following addition of inhibitors but were upregulated upon addition of Ca. Inhibition was partially released by external Ca supplementation. Fluo-3/AM experiments revealed that similar cytosolic Ca variation occurred under these conditions. These results demonstrated that Ca signalling via the CaM transduction pathway plays a pivotal role in PQ biosynthesis.
- Subjects
PERYLENE derivatives; QUINONE derivatives; ENDOPHYTIC fungi; EFFECT of calcium on fungi; CALMODULIN; BIOSYNTHESIS; CELLULAR signal transduction
- Publication
Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology, 2018, Vol 102, Issue 1, p153
- ISSN
0175-7598
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00253-017-8602-0