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- Title
Patterns of Gene Expression in the Frontal Cortex Discriminate Alcoholic from Nonalcoholic Individuals.
- Authors
Jianwen Liu; Lewohl, Joanne M.; Harris, R. Adron; Iyer, Vishwanath R.; Dodd, Peter R.; Randall, Patrick K.; Mayfield, R. Dayne
- Abstract
Alcohol dependence is characterized by tolerance, physical dependence, and craving. The neuroadaptations underlying these effects of chronic alcohol abuse are likely due to altered gene expression. Previous gene expression studies using human post-mortem brain demonstrated that several gene families were altered by alcohol abuse. However, most of these changes in gene expression were small. It is not clear if gene expression profiles have sufficient power to discriminate control from alcoholic individuals and how consistent gene expression changes are when a relatively large sample size is examined. In the present study, microarray analysis (∼47 000 elements) was performed on the superior frontal cortex of 27 individual human cases (14 well characterized alcoholics and 13 matched controls). A partial least squares statistical procedure was applied to identify genes with altered expression levels in alcoholics. We found that genes involved in myelination, ubiquitination, apoptosis, cell adhesion, neurogenesis, and neural disease showed altered expression levels. Importantly, genes involved in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease were significantly altered suggesting a link between alcoholism and other neurodegenerative conditions. A total of 27 genes identified in this study were previously shown to be changed by alcohol abuse in previous studies of human post-mortem brain. These results revealed a consistent re-programming of gene expression in alcohol abusers that reliably discriminates alcoholic from non-alcoholic individuals.Neuropsychopharmacology (2006) 31, 1574–1582. doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1300947; published online 2 November 2005
- Subjects
GENETIC regulation; PEOPLE with alcoholism; GENE expression; ALCOHOL drinking; DEVELOPMENTAL neurobiology
- Publication
Neuropsychopharmacology, 2006, Vol 31, Issue 7, p1574
- ISSN
0893-133X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/sj.npp.1300947