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- Title
An omega-3 enriched diet mitigates inflammatory mediators derived from ex vivo porcine cartilage explants.
- Authors
Orth, M. W.; Spencer, J. D.; O'Connor, C. I.; Wolfe, P. M.; Wheeler, J. B.
- Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acids, specifically eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), may reduce the inflammation associated with joint pain. The objective of this study was to determine if longterm supplementation of long chain protected polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in sow rations alter the metabolism of cartilage ex vivo. Sows (6 sows/trt) were fed either control corn/soybean meal based diets, or the control diets supplemented with 0.5 to 1.0% protected PUFA from Fertilium (JBS United, Sheridan, IN). Sows were fed their respective treatments continuously for at least three parities prior to slaughter and harvesting of both forelimbs approximately 2 inches above the humeral-ulnar joint. Cartilage explants (6 mm disks) were isolated and placed, 2 per well, in a 24-well culture plate, with twelve wells per animal. Explants were cultured in DMEM: Ham's F-12 modified serum free medium with no exogenously added fatty acids or cultured in the same media and challenged daily with porcine Interleukin-1 (pIL-1; 10 ng/ml) to stimulate inflammatory pathways. Media were collected every 24 h for 3 d and analyzed for the production of nitric oxide (NO), PGE2, and Interleukin-6 (IL-6). Proteoglycans in the media were measured as an indicator of cartilage catabolism. Statistics were analyzed using proc mixed of SAS 8.2 with sow, day, pIL-1 addition, and diet as class variables. Explants from sows fed PUFAs had reduced proteoglycan and IL-6 release regardless of pIL-1 challenge (Diet P < 0.05). The pIL-1 challenge increased NO production (pIL-1 x Day P < 0.01) and sows fed PUFAs had a 31% reduction in NO production, but the impact of PUFA feeding was not significant (Diet P = 0.30). Media PGE2 concentrations were not different among treatments. Thus, 2 out of the 4 indicators of inflammation were significantly mitigated in cartilage explants following long-term supplementation with protected PUFAs. These results suggest that protected PUFAs containing high levels of EPA and DHA can alter chondrocyte metabolism in vivo.
- Subjects
FISH oils; INFLAMMATORY mediators; OMEGA-3 fatty acids; UNSATURATED fatty acids; METABOLIZABLE energy values; CARTILAGE; INTERLEUKIN-6; SOYBEAN meal
- Publication
Journal of Animal Science, 2006, Vol 84, p394
- ISSN
0021-8812
- Publication type
Article