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- Title
Menstruum induces changes in mesothelial cell morphology.
- Authors
Koks, Carolien A.M.; Demir Weusten, Ayşe Y.; Groothuis, Patrick G.; Dunselman, Gerard A.J.; de Goeij, Anton F.P.M.; Evers, Johannes L.H.; Koks, C A; Demir Weusten, A Y; Groothuis, P G; Dunselman, G A; de Goeij, A F; Evers, J L
- Abstract
In previous studies, we have shown that menstrual endometrium preferentially adheres to the subepithelial lining of the peritoneum. It remains to be elucidated, however, whether this damage is preexisting or inflicted by the menstrual tissue itself. We hypothesized that the menstrual tissue itself damages the peritoneum. To investigate this, the viability of menstrual endometrial tissue in peritoneal fluid (PF) was evaluated and the morphologic changes in the mesothelial cells were studied by in vitro cocultures of menstruum with mesothelial cell monolayers. Menstruum was collected with a menstrual cup. Endometrial tissue was isolated from the menstruum, resuspended in culture medium or in the cell-free fraction of PF and cultured for 24, 48 or 72 h. A 3(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was performed to obtain a relative measure of viable adhered endometrial cells. Mesothelial cells isolated from human omental tissue were cultured on Matrigel or uncoated plastic. At confluence, overnight cocultures were performed and scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate the morphologic changes. The viability of endometrial fragments was 84% (n = 36, p < 0.05), 82% (n = 27, not significant) and 104% (n = 14, not significant) when cultured in the cell-free fraction of PF for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively, when compared to medium with 10% fetal calf serum. Menstrual endometrial fragments or menstrual serum added to and cocultured with mesothelial cells induced severe morphologic alterations of the latter, including retraction, shrinking and gap formation. Similar morphologic changes were observed when mesothelial cells were cocultured with menstrual endometrial fragments in PF or in culture inserts. Incubation with conditioned medium from cultured menstrual endometrium induced similar but less pronounced changes in morphology. In conclusion, menstrual endometrial fragments remain viable in PF in vitro for at least 72 h. Antegradely shed menstruum induces changes in mesothelial cell morphology, including retraction and shrinking with exposure of the underlying surface. These findings suggest that menstruum is harmful to the peritoneal lining. Therefore, by local destruction of the mesothelial layer, menstrual endometrium is able to create sites for adhesion.
- Subjects
ENDOMETRIUM physiology; BODY fluids; CELL physiology; COMBINATION drug therapy; COLLAGEN; CULTURE media (Biology); ENDOMETRIUM; EPITHELIAL cells; FAT cells; GLYCOPROTEINS; RESEARCH methodology; MEMBRANE proteins; MENSTRUATION; OMENTUM; SCANNING electron microscopy; TISSUE culture; CELL size
- Publication
Gynecologic & Obstetric Investigation, 2000, Vol 50, Issue 1, p13
- ISSN
0378-7346
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1159/000010271