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- Title
Pacifier Use and Exclusive Breastfeeding in Brazil.
- Authors
Buccini, Gabriela dos Santos; Pérez-Escamilla, Rafael; Venancio, Sonia Isoyama
- Abstract
Background: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rates for infants younger than 6 months have increased in Brazil, although at the current pace of improvement it would take 6 years to reach an EBF rate of 50%. Thus, it is important to identify relevant modifiable key risk factors for the premature interruption of EBF. Objective: This study aimed to find out if pacifier use is an independent risk factor for the interruption of EBF among Brazilian infants. Methods: We conducted secondary cross-sectional data analyses of 2 waves of infant feeding surveys conducted in 1999 and in 2008 in the Brazilian state capitals and Federal District (N = 42 395 children < 6 months). Multivariate logistic regression was used to test the association between pacifier use and the risk of interruption of EBF in a pooled sample and within each survey wave, adjusting for socioeconomic, demographic, and biomedical confounders. Results: In the pooled sample, a third of the infants were exclusively breastfed (32.7%) and almost 50% had used a pacifier. Whereas EBF prevalence among infants increased from 25.1% in 1999 to 40.3% in 2008, pacifier use prevalence decreased from 58.5% to 41.6% in the same time period. Pacifier use was strongly associated with the risk of interruption of EBF in 1999 (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.38-2.94), in 2008 (AOR = 3.18; 95% CI, 2.81-3.60), and in the pooled sample (AOR = 2.77; 95% CI, 2.63-2.91) after adjusting for key confounders. Conclusion: Pacifier use was the strongest risk factor for EBF interruption. Effective strategies to reduce pacifier use among infants younger than 6 months may further improve EBF rates in Brazil.
- Subjects
BRAZIL; BREASTFEEDING; CHI-squared test; CONFIDENCE intervals; INTERVIEWING; MULTIVARIATE analysis; PACIFIERS (Infant care); QUESTIONNAIRES; RESEARCH funding; STATISTICAL sampling; STATISTICS; LOGISTIC regression analysis; SOCIOECONOMIC factors; CROSS-sectional method; DATA analysis software; ODDS ratio
- Publication
Journal of Human Lactation, 2016, Vol 32, Issue 3, pNP52
- ISSN
0890-3344
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1177/0890334415609611