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- Title
Search for Viral Infections in Cerebrospinal Fluid From Patients With Autoimmune Encephalitis.
- Authors
Perlejewski, Karol; Pawełczyk, Agnieszka; Bukowska-Ośko, Iwona; Rydzanicz, Małgorzata; Dzieciątkowski, Tomasz; Paciorek, Marcin; Makowiecki, Michał; Cortés, Kamila Caraballo; Grochowska, Marta; Radkowski, Marek; Laskus, Tomasz
- Abstract
Background It has been reported that virus-mediated brain tissue damage can lead to autoimmune encephalitis (AE) characterized by the presence of antibodies against neuronal surface antigens. In the study, we investigate the presence of viruses in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with AE using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)/PCR and shotgun metagenomics. Methods CSF samples collected from 200 patients with encephalitis were tested for the presence of antibodies against antiglutamate receptor (NMDAR), contactin-associated protein 2 (CASPR2), glutamate receptors (type AMPA1/2), leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 (LGI1), dipeptidyl aminopeptidase-like protein 6 (DPPX), and GABA B receptor, and those found positive were further analyzed with real-time RT-PCR/PCR for common viral neuroinfections and shotgun DNA- and RNA-based metagenomics. Results Autoantibodies against neuronal cells were detected in CSF from 8 individuals (4% of all encephalitis patients): 7 (3.5%) had anti-NMDAR and 1 (0.5%) had anti-GABA B. RT-PCR/PCR identified human herpes virus type 1 (HSV-1; 300 copies/mL) and the representative of Enterovirus genus (550 copies/mL) in 1 patient each. Torque teno virus (TTV) was found in another patient using metagenomic analysis, and its presence was confirmed by specific PCR. Conclusions We detected the presence of HSV, TTV, and Enterovirus genus in CSF samples from 3 out of 8 AE patients. These findings support the concept of viral involvement in the pathogenesis of this disease.
- Subjects
ANTI-NMDA receptor encephalitis; VIRAL encephalitis; CEREBROSPINAL fluid; HUMAN herpesvirus 1; REVERSE transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; VIRUS diseases; JAPANESE encephalitis viruses; TORQUE teno virus
- Publication
Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 2020, Vol 7, Issue 11, p1
- ISSN
2328-8957
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/ofid/ofaa468