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- Title
Preexisting Immunity, More Than Aging, Influences Influenza Vaccine Responses.
- Authors
Reber, Adrian J.; Jin Hyang Kim; Biber, Renata; Talbot, H. Keipp; Coleman, Laura A.; Chirkova, Tatiana; Gross, F. Liaini; Steward-Clark, Evelene; Cao, Weiping; Jefferson, Stacie; Veguilla, Vic; Gillis, Eric; Meece, Jennifer; Yaohui Bai; Tatum, Heather; Hancock, Kathy; Stevens, James; Spencer, Sarah; Jufu Chen; Gargiullo, Paul
- Abstract
Background. Influenza disproportionately impacts older adults while current vaccines have reduced effectiveness in the older population. Methods. We conducted a comprehensive evaluation of cellular and humoral immune responses of adults aged 50 years and older to the 2008-2009 seasonal trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine and assessed factors influencing vaccine response. Results. Vaccination increased hemagglutination inhibition and neutralizing antibody; however, 66.3% of subjects did not reach hemagglutination inhibition titers ≥ 40 for H1N1, compared with 22.5% for H3N2. Increasing age had a minor negative impact on antibody responses, whereas prevaccination titers were the best predictors of postvaccination antibody levels. Preexisting memory B cells declined with age, especially for H3N2. However, older adults still demonstrated a significant increase in antigen-specific IgG+ and IgA+ memory B cells postvaccination. Despite reduced frequency of preexisting memory B cells associated with advanced age, fold-rise in memory B cell frequency in subjects 60+ was comparable to subjects age 50-59. Conclusions. Older adults mounted statistically significant humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, but many failed to reach hemagglutination inhibition titers ≥40, especially for H1N1. Although age had a modest negative effect on vaccine responses, prevaccination titers were the best predictor of postvaccination antibody levels, irrespective of age.
- Subjects
IMMUNITY; INFLUENZA vaccines
- Publication
Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 2015, Vol 2, Issue 2, p1
- ISSN
2328-8957
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/ofid/ofv052