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- Title
LAS HISTORIAS DE VIDA. PERSPECTIVAS ACTUALES.
- Authors
Llanos Zuloaga, Martha
- Abstract
The essay "Life Stories. Current Perspectives" by Martha Llanos Zuloaga addresses the topic of narrative in the human and social sciences, focusing on life stories as a method for understanding the human being and the importance of the early years of life. Pioneering studies such as "The Children of Sánchez" by Oscar Lewis and the story of Domitila Barrios de Chungara are mentioned. In addition, the power of stories in the search for recognition of marginalized populations and in the promotion of inclusion, social justice, and peace is highlighted. The work of the Women's Observatory of UNIFE in the dissemination of life stories of relevant women is recognized. The essay also explores the relationship between psychology and history, highlighting the importance of integrating individual psychological processes in the analysis of relationships with economic, demographic, and institutional forces. The term "psychohistory" coined by Erik Erikson to analyze historical characters from a psychosocial perspective is mentioned. Psychohistory is a scientific field separate from history and anthropology, with its own methods and theories. Professor Lloyd de Mause is considered the main pioneer of psychohistory in America. However, some argue that psychohistory is not an independent field and that psychological motivations can be found in other disciplines. Psychohistory studies the influence of sociocultural factors on the psychogenesis of history and analyzes the history of scientific methods. It is also related to psychoanalysis and uses psychology to understand and analyze historical phenomena. Alice Miller is an important figure in psychohistory and has researched childhood trauma and its impact on mental health and society. The article addresses various topics related to psychology and social research. First, the importance of understanding the dynamics of violence in society, according to Alice Miller, is mentioned. Miller argues that the way children are raised can have an impact on their development and on society as a whole. The importance of psychobiography as a tool for understanding people in depth is also mentioned. The importance of empathy and flexibility in conducting a psychobiography is highlighted. In addition, the biographical approach in social and educational research is mentioned, and it is noted that Latin America has inherited this perspective and uses it to understand complex social phenomena. Biography is considered as a tool for understanding historical transformation and the capacity for intervention of individuals in their time. Psychobiography includes descriptive studies of the life and work of a character, as well as biographical studies on specific topics. Biographical research is a broad field that allows for the analysis of historical platforms and cultural productions. Life stories are used to generate hope, commitment, and social justice. Biographical approaches are useful for understanding psychic, social, and cultural processes, as well as for analyzing identity and the meaning of life. The article discusses the use of life stories in anthropology and psychotherapy. Examples of collected testimonies are mentioned, such as that of Domitila Barrios, a Bolivian woman who represented housewives at an international conference in Mexico. The criteria that researchers must take into account when using life stories, such as considering the person as a member of a culture and exploring beliefs and social actions, are also discussed. In addition, the objectives of life stories in research and psychotherapy, such as capturing the entirety of the biographical experience and discovering the keys to interpreting social phenomena, are mentioned. Life stories are a consolidated research method in qualitative research. The researcher must
- Subjects
HISTORY of science; SOCIAL science research; QUALITATIVE research; SOCIAL facts; PSYCHOLOGICAL research
- Publication
Avances en Psicología, 2022, Vol 30, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1812-9536
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.33539/avpsicol.2022.v30n1.2529